It is well known that various neoplasms on the skin in many cases are caused by human papillomavirus.Today, more than 600 strains of this pathogen have been identified.Some cause the appearance of warts, others - condyl, others can cause a malignant tumor.That is why, before removing the neoplasm in a cosmetic salon, you need to undergo an examination by a dermatologist.
The causes of papillomas occur
It is believed that the human papillomavirus is infected up to 70% of the total population of the planet.Often, according to the results of the analysis, it becomes clear that a person is infected immediately with 20 strains of the virus.But often the virus does not show itself for a long time, especially if a person has good immunity.
Infection by any of the HPV strains more often occurs with direct contact with the carrier of the virus, in which the pathogen can penetrate into microtrauma on the skin and mucous membranes.The neoplasm is formed directly at the place of penetration of the virus into the body.The anogenital form of the disease is transmitted during intercourse, in this case, the papules are formed in the folds of the crotch skin, on the mucous membranes of the vagina and the cervix, in the rectum, urethra and bladder, and in men on the head of the penis.Outside, pointed condylomas are mainly formed, and on the internal organs - flat papillomas.In a similar way, the oral cavity can be infected.In this case, laryngeal papillomatosis occurs, affecting the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat.
A newborn can become infected with HPV from a mother during passing through the birth canal.At the same time, an anogenital papillomatosis most often occurs in a child, the strain of which is most aggressive, or laryngeal, which can significantly damage the child’s voice apparatus in the future and can even threaten life in severe cases due to obstruction of the respiratory tract.
However, to infect HPV, it is not at all necessary to contact the carrier directly.The virus can exist for some time outside the body of the carrier and be transmitted through household items or in public places.Simply put, sometimes it is enough to hold on to the handrail in public transport, and then touch the face so that in a year or two, a neoplasm appears in this place.
Since the incubation period of papillomavirus is quite long, from the moment of infection to the appearance of clinical signs, several months or even years can pass.Usually the virus is activated and begins to manifest itself in the form of neoplasms when immunity is reduced.That is why treatment should include not only the removal of visible manifestations of HPV, but also systemic immune therapy.
Types of neoplasms caused by HPV
Not all clinical manifestations of papillomatosis are the same.Today, about 90 HPV strains are typified and correlated and correlated with certain types of neoplasms.According to the external manifestations of the disease, the following types of papillomas are distinguished:
- plantar papillomas, often called warts;
- simple, or vulgar, papillomas;
- flat papillomas;
- spicy condylomas;
- Film papillomas.
Subanary warts
As the name implies, plantar warts are formed on the skin of the feet and are characterized by internal growth, which distinguishes them from other types of neoplasms.Usually they are single, but in the absence of treatment, they can reach impressive sizes, causing considerable discomfort.
Vulgar papillomas
Vulgar papillomas are also often called warts in everyday life.They grow from a small tubercle, gradually increasing and darkened due to keratinization, can merge with each other in an uncertain form.Papillomas of this type are most often localized on the skin of the hands, less often on the knees, face, neck, back.Like plantar ones, they can take place on their own.
Flat papillomas
Flat papillomas rise slightly above the skin, and their surface has a nodular structure.These neoplasms are not susceptible to keratinization (keratinization) of the surface, so they usually retain the color of healthy tissues or become slightly darker.They can appear on the face in the eye and on the chin, as well as on the lower leg, arms, back.The itching becomes a frequent symptom of vulgar papillomas.Such neoplasms themselves do not pass, and the doctor should make an accurate diagnosis.
Sharp condylomas
Sharp condylomas in appearance are similar to cauliflower.Single neoplasms grow on a thin leg, gradually merging with each other into large growths.Condylomas are localized in the anogenital region:
- on external and internal genital organs;
- Outside and inside the anus;
- in the perianal fold;
- In the urethra and bladder.
These neoplasms are precancerous, and therefore are subject to mandatory removal with subsequent therapy according to the results of the tests.Suffice it to say that with cervical cancer in almost 80% of cases, the human papillomavirus of this type reveals.
Film papillomas
Film papillomas, otherwise called acrochics, grow on a thin leg, which is why they are easy to tear them off, and are mainly single, less often are found in groups.Their main places of localization are the face in the eye and nose, inguinal folds, axillary areas and under the chest of women.Usually they have an oblong, elastic form without keratinization.With friction, clothing can cause discomfort and damage.Acrochords cause mainly aesthetic discomfort and are subject to malignancy in rare cases.
Diagnosis of papillomas
No matter how much you want to get rid of the boring papilloma faster and at home, and even better - with the help of some folk remedies, do not rush!An independent selection of procedures can lead to deplorable results.Be sure to visit the district clinic.
In a paid clinic, for your money, they will cut you/burn out/freeze anything without unnecessary questions, but there are no guarantees for making an accurate diagnosis, and therefore the lack of undesirable consequences.
Only a qualified specialist can make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment.Be sure to hand over the tests prescribed by the doctor before getting rid of neoplasms.First of all, you need to get a consultation:
- gynecologist or urologist when neoplasms appear in the perineum;
- otolaryngologist in case of suspicion of papillomatosis of the mucous membrane or throat;
- Dermatologist - in all other cases.
Based on the results of the clinical inspection, the doctor may prescribe if necessary:
- Cells for cytological research;
- tissue fence for histology;
- scraping for the analysis of PCR;
- Material fence for digi-test.
All these methods in one way or another allow you to determine the risk of the development of oncopathology.After removing neoplasms by any method, this indicator will be impossible to determine.In this case, the likelihood of adverse consequences increases.
Ways to remove papillomas
The choice of the method of removal of papillomas will depend on the diagnosis and localization of neoplasms.
Chemical destruction
It is carried out using special liquid drugs based on acid or creams containing alkali.Such drugs are sold in a pharmacy as a doctor.
This method can be used to remove only single vulgar papillomas (warts) on the hands.
However, the slightest inaccuracy in the use of chemotherapy can lead to a burn of healthy tissues or incomplete removal of the neoplasm.The use of such tools is painful, requires a lot of time, does not give a guaranteed result and can lead to the formation of unaesthetic scars at the place of the neoplasm.
Cryodestruction
A long and well -established method of removing neoplasms using the exposure to extremely low temperatures, at which the defeat for a short time acts with liquid nitrogen or other refrigerant.
The appliance of the refrigerant does not require preliminary anesthesia, becauseThe application is painless, although the patient may feel a slight tingling or burning.However, after the operation, during the "defrosting" of fabrics, acute pain occurs, which can last up to a day.This is a normal phenomenon.
After a few hours, redness and swelling are formed around the damage, and a subcutaneous bubble filled with liquid is formed after a day.The rehabilitation period lasts a week, for which edema and hyperemia disappear, and the bubble breaks on its own.After that, it is necessary to apply an antiseptic drug prescribed by a specialist.
The death of fabrics under the stream continues for three weeks, which ensures reliable destruction of infected tissues.Healing of the wound occurs in 1.5 months, and completely the trace disappears over six months, during which it is necessary to protect the skin from the sun and mechanical exposure.
The method is successfully used to remove papillomas on the body, in the oral cavity and for the treatment of the cervix.But to remove neoplasms on the face and in an intimate zone, it is better to use another method.In the first case - due to edema and hyperemia, in the second - due to increased pain sensitivity of the genital area.
Radio wave coagulation
Removing with radio -short neoplasms occurs under the influence of a directed high -frequency radiation, in which the affected tissue evaporates.The device for radiotherapy has several electrodes of various forms and purposes, which the doctor selects depending on the form of the neoplasm.
The procedure takes place under local anesthesia in the form of an injection.With this method, papillomas are removed quickly, without damage to healthy tissues, almost not leaving traces.There is no rehabilitation period here, but there are many contraindications to the use of this method.Radio -Note is contraindicated in:
- exacerbation of chronic diseases;
- acute inflammatory processes;
- diabetes mellitus;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- the presence of a pacemaker;
- oncological diseases of any localization.
You can not use radio wave treatment if there is a possibility of malignant papillomas.But in the absence of such, the method is successfully used in any part of the body.According to patients, the most unpleasant in this procedure is an injection of anesthetic.
Laser coagulation
A modern contactless way to remove neoplasms using a laser is widespread not so long ago.Experts claim that he is absolutely painless and low -traumatic, becauseInfected tissues evaporate without damaging healthy.The procedure takes several minutes, and the rehabilitation period lasts 2 weeks, during which you should refrain from swimming in the pool and open reservoirs, avoid changes in temperature and sun.
The method can cause side effects in the form of prolonged redness of the skin and edema, with thyroid problems, keloid scars can form.There are many contraindications for this type of treatment:
- diabetes mellitus;
- acute inflammatory processes;
- epilepsy;
- violations of the endocrine and immune systems;
- photodermatosis;
- thrombocytopenia and others.
According to patients, the procedure is very unpleasant and painful, and in the process there is a smell of burnt meat. "In addition, healing goes long and relapses are possible.
Electrocoagulation
It is used to remove small papillomas.Since the essence of the method lies in the thermal destruction of the affected fabric, the people are the name "cauterization".The heated electrode touches the neoplasm and perform it coagulation along with the vessels, as a result of which a point burn is formed, which is covered with a dark crust within an hour.In the case of single papillomas, local anesthesia is used, and with multiple small neoplasms it is inappropriate.
The rehabilitation period lasts about a week, for which redness and swelling pass, and dark crusts fall away.At this time, it is recommended to take care of the sun and treat the skin with an antiseptic.
The use of this method is possible for any localization of neoplasms, and patient reviews indicate its reliability.At a very democratic price for the removal of one papilloma, the removal of multiple neoplasms will cost a penny.